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QUICK FACTS: CUBA Life expectancy: 77 years Ethnic groups: mulatto, 51 percent; white; black; Chinese Religions: nominally 85 percent Roman Catholic prior to Fidel Castro's assumption of power Language: Spanish (Source: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook 2008) |
Cuba
Waging Peace During a historic trip in May 2002 as the first former or sitting U.S. president to visit Cuba since the 1959 Cuban revolution, President Carter called on the U.S. and Cuban governments to mend relations.
He urged the United States to end its economic embargo against Cuba, in place since 1959, and President Fidel Castro to hold free elections, improve human rights, and allow greater civil liberties. President Carter's main goals were to meet Cuban people from all walks of life, to establish a dialogue with President Fidel Castro and other government officials, and to explore ways to ease the relationship between the United States and Cuba. The delegation also included Carter Center Executive Director Dr. John Hardman, Americas Program Director Dr. Jennifer McCoy, and Associate Director Dr. Shelley McConnell. The highlight of the trip was President Carter's speech at the University of Havana, where he made an unprecedented call in this communist country for personal and political freedoms – made not only to students and faculty but also to the senior members of the Cuban government attending the speech. President Carter also called for the Varela Project petition to be published in the official newspaper so that people could learn about it. The Varela Project seeks a national referendum on legislative changes to guarantee rights such as freedom of speech and assembly, free elections, and free enterprise. More than 11,000 signatures were obtained and submitted to the National Assembly just days before President Carter arrived in Cuba. Under Cuban law, the National Assembly must at least consider petitions for legislative proposals, though it does not have to hold a referendum. Before the speech, few Cubans had heard about the project since it received no coverage by the state-owned media. After the trip, President Carter briefed members of the U.S. House and Senate as well as President Bush. The Center will continue to maintain relations with the Cuban government and with others met in Cuba. Post-Trip Statements Read President Carter's March 21 statement regarding detentions of Cuban citizens. Open Letter to the National Summit on Cuba From Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Oct. 4, 2003.
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