Prevalence of Ocular Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection and Antibodies Within Districts Persistently Endemic for Trachoma, Amhara, Ethiopia

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases

By 
Mary K. Lynn, 
Zebene Ayele, 
Ambahun Chernet, 
E. Brook Goodhew, 
Karana Wickens, 
Eshetu Sata, 
Andrew W. Nute, 
Sarah Gwyn, 
Nishanth Parameswaran, 
Demelash Gessese, 
Mulat Zerihun, 
Kimberly A. Jensen, 
Gizachew Yismaw, 
Taye Zeru, 
Adisu Abebe Dawed, 
Fikre Seife, 
Zerihun Tadesse, 
E. Kelly Callahan, 
Diana L. Martin, 
and Scott D. Nash

Abstract

Persistent trachoma is increasingly recognized as a serious concern for the global trachoma program. Persistent trachoma is defined as those districts that have had two or more trachoma impact surveys in which the trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) prevalence has never been <5%, the elimination threshold for TF. Enhanced tools such as infection and serological monitoring elucidate long-term transmission patterns within persistent districts. This study aimed to clarify trachoma intensity via both traditional indicators and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection and serologic markers in four districts experiencing persistent trachoma with >10 years of interventions.

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